Cw-2K™ Slick Water System
Cw-2K™ is a new, non-damaging fluid-loss and viscosity additive that improves fracture response by eliminating gel and particle residue associated with conductivity impairment. The material is a polymer and soluble solid that has been ground to an appropriate particle size for fracturing. It remains solid long enough to function as a fluid-loss additive, and then it dissolves in the fracturing water to ensure cleanup. The unique chemistry in this product develops hydroscopic particles that slowly dissolves and eventually reducing the surface tension and viscosity of the fluid, helping to improve fracture conductivity.
Cw-2K™ is soluble in water at low-to-moderate temperature conditions. The use of Cw-2K™ should be limited to bottom hole temperatures of 140°F. Cw-2K™ does not require additional gelling agents or fluid loss additives.
Advantages
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- Improves fracture conductivity by eliminating residue. |
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- Excellent friction reduction and rapid hydration for on-the-fly mixing. |
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- 50% more viscosity then guars and HPG products per unit weight. |
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- Saves time and expense on location because it is an easy to mix fracturing fluid. |
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- Acts as an ultra-performance fluid-loss additive in a low temperature environment. |
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- Unique chemistry provides substantial control of migrating clays and fines. |
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- Dissolves completely in the fracturing fluid to improve cleanup. |
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- Resists typical bacterial propagation and associated problems. |
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- Generates zero residue and regains higher permeability than other products. |
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- Adhesive properties control proppant flow back. |
Disdvantages
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- Not compatible with gelled oil or other hydrocarbon based fracturing fluids. |
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- Limited to bottom hole temperatures of 140°F or less. |
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- Incompatible with guar based gelling agents and certain fluid loss additives. |
Customer Testimony
Western Pennsylvania Gas Producers – " The preliminary results of Cw-2K™ are excellent. Open flows have increased considerably…wells clean-up faster…even low pressure formations are responding with very little swabbing. This product has made a real difference in our approach to future fracture design."
"Clean up time and open flows have greatly improved compared to gel frac’s and other systems I’ve seen recently. Water recovery is better…fluids remain clean and foamy … and swabbing is reduced or eliminated."
-References are available upon request.-
Treatment Procedure
Use Cw-2K™ fluid-loss additive at a concentration of 5 to 30 lb/Mgal fracturing fluid. Use the higher concentration recommendation in high-permeability zones. The product can be batch mixed in cool water if the fluid will not be held for over an hour below 60°F. Cw-2K™ is slowly soluble in water. Mix on the fly if the water is above 80°F.
Laboratory Results
Rheology tests indicate that a 65% concentration of Cw-2K™ yields equivalent viscosities to similar concentrations of guar based agents. Fluid loss test cells show that the Cw-2K™ additive out performs guar and HPG as a fluid-loss additive in low and medium-permeability media. Because of its rapid hydration and hydroscopic particles, Cw-2K™ is especially useful in shallow wells where fluid-loss additives must disperse quickly and at low temperature.
Typical Residues by Weight of Water Frac Systems 80F |
| Guar |
5 to 9 % Residue |
| HPG |
4 to 7% Residue |
| Cw-2K |
0% Residue |
| Name |
Part Number |
Package |
Price |
| Cw-2K™ |
x3-460-2000 |
25 lb bag |
$10.60/lb |
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Material Safety Data Sheets are available upon request. |
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